17th Sunday
in Ordinary Time – Year A
Matthew 13:44-52
GOSPEL REFLECTION
It often happens that archeologists discover, under the floors of houses, boxes or pots containing coins. They were probably placed there by the owners before turning to a hasty escape. In the imminence of war or of an enemy’s invasion, everyone tried to hide hurriedly whatever valuables they had and whatever they could not take with them. They hoped to recover it one day, as soon as the danger had passed. The real owners many times did not come back, and the house was occupied by others who had no suspicion of the wealth that lay beneath their feet.
At the time of Jesus, treasures discovered by accident were fantasized. It was said of the poor laborers who, intending to plow another’s field, accidentally struck an obstacle. They bent to check and found a box full of jewelry, gems, and precious stones. The popular imagination loved to lull with these dreams of unexpectedstrokes of luck.
The first parable in today’s Gospel (v. 44) takes one of these stories: by pure accident a man discovers a treasure in the field he is working. He hides it again; goes to sell everything he has and buys that field.
Many stopped to quibble the moral behavior of this man and the legality of the financial transaction carried out by him. However, this is not the point in question. The commentators were intrigued by the fact that the discovered treasure was hidden again. It apparently seemed illogical and superfluous. This detail is instead precious. There is reason to believe that the poor farmer, attracted by the unmistakable sparkle of a golden object that has emerged from the ground, immediately intuited that, under the clouds, an immense wealthcould be hidden. He did not want to lose even a crumb, so he decided to buy the whole field.
We are thus introduced in the parable: the treasure which Jesus speaks about is the kingdom of heaven, the new condition where one who welcomes the proposals of the Beatitudes enters. It has an incalculable value and is only gradually discovered by one who decided to wager his own life on it.
The fact that this treasure is found by chance indicates its gratuity. God offers it freely to people. It is not a prize for their good works.
There is but a behavior to assume in front of this gift. Whoever finds it out should not hesitate, be perplexed or doubt. If one hesitates, he loses precious time, a favorable opportunity may escape and not return. The decision must be taken urgently; the choice cannot be delayed. One cannot miss the appointment with the Lord.
Then one has to bet everything. One is not asked to give up something, but to move all his thoughts, attention, interests, and efforts to the new target.
As it will also happen with the pearl, he treasure is not purchased in order to be sold and to repossess the goods found, but to keep it in lieu of what, until then, had given meaning to life. The discovery of the Kingdom of God involves a radical change. This is the meaning of the decision to “sell everything one has to buy the field.
This is what happened to Paul, the Jew and blameless fanatic, convinced that the Torah was the treasure that would give him salvation. One day, on his way to Damascus, he met Christ. All those things that he might have considered as profit, he reckoned as loss. “But once I found Christ, I have let everything fall away and I now consider all as garbage, if instead, I may gain Christ” (Phil 3:7-8).
Such a change causes surprise, wonder, and amazement. Who has not found the same treasure cannot comprehend, cannot find an explanation that justifies the novelty of life of one who has entered the Kingdom of God.
Whoever has seen the farmer selling everything to buy the field must have thought he was crazy: the barren and rocky land of Palestine does not justify such sacrifices. He alone was conscious of his choice: he was concluding the deal of his life.
Those who knew Paul—the scrupulous law observing rabbi—and suddenly saw him abandon his security to wager all for a condemned man must have considered him a fool: “Paul, you are mad; your great learning has deranged your mind” (Acts 26:24). Instead, Paul had found the most valuable asset, “Christ crucified! For the Jews a great scandal. And for the Greeks, what nonsense” (1 Cor 1:23).
By his joy, all—the farmer’s neighbors and Paul’s co-religionists—should have realized that he was acting with lucidity and for good reason. One who knew of possessing an unexpected and not hoped-for treasure cannot but be filled with joy: “My joy overflows” (2 Cor 7:4)—ensures the apostle—”I rejoice in the Lord” (Phil 4:10); “The Kingdom of God is ‘joy’ (Rom 14:17).
In short, whoever observes the radiant face of someone who has found the Kingdom of God would guess that he had glimpsed on, like the archaeologist Carter, “wonderful things.”
The second parable (vv. 15-16) is called the twin of the previous one and contains the same message. Itdiffers in some significant details: first of all, the protagonist is not a poor laborer, but a wealthy merchant who travels the orld with a very specific goal: to find pearls.
In ancient times, pearls were as valuable as diamonds are now. They were harvested from the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Indian Ocean. In the imperial era, they were considered the most valuable thing, so as to become proverbial. Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty, was worshiped as the goddess of pearls. A much-loved child was called “pearl”; a wise man is said to have a mouth from which pearls came out. The twelve gates of heaven—writes the seer of the Apocalypse – ”were twelve pearls; each port is made of a single colossal and wonderful pearl” — (Rev 21:21). Being considered of great value, Jesus chose them as an image of the inestimable treasure that he offered: The Kingdom of God.
Unlike the farmer who accidentally stumbles into a treasure, the merchant finds the pearl after an exhausting search. The two discoveries are results, one of a good fortune, the other of one’s commitment.
The behavior of the merchant is the image of the man who passionately seeks what gives meaning to his life and fills his days with joy.
The two parables are complementary: The Kingdom of God, on the one hand, is a free gift of God, and on the other is also a fruit of human diligence.
The third parable (vv. 47-50) takes up the theme introduced last Sunday in the parable of the wheat and the tares. The image is taken from fishing on the Sea of Galilee where nets and trawls caught good fish and also inedible or unclean ones were employed (Lev 11:10-11). On the beach, the fishermen proceeded to the separation. Thus—Jesus says—it happens in the kingdom of heaven.
According to the view of the ancients, the sea was the kingdom of the evil forces, enemies of life. The mission to “fish for people,” removing them from the power of evil was given to the disciples. Uncontrollable passions, egoism, greed envelop them like raging waves, which, like a vortex, drag them into the abyss. The kingdom of heaven is a net that pulls them out, makes them breathe, and leads them toward the light, toward salvation.
In this net, not only the good and the capable are welcomed, but everyone, without distinction. The Kingdom of God does not present itself today in a pure state. Within the Christian community, the presence of evil and of sin is serenely accepted beside the good. No one, though impure, must feel left out or be marginalized. This is a time of mercy and the patience of God who “does not want anyone to perish, but that all may come to conversion” (2 P 3:9).
Of course, the time of separation will come and Matthew, as he usually does, talks about it using the dramatic language of the preachers of his time. He employs images with which the Bible described the destruction of the enemies of the people of Israel (Ez 30:38-39): the righteous shall enter in peace and the wicked will be punished in a fiery prison.
In rabbinic literature, this judgment of God is often talked about. It is not to threaten eternal punishment for sinners, but to highlight the importance of the present time and the urgency of the decisions to take today. Every moment wasted is definitively lost; and mistakes done in this world will have eternal consequences. The possibility of dissipating or squandering one’s own existence by focusing it on wrong treasures is anything but remote. However, in the end, the separation will not be between good and bad, but between good and evil. Only the good will enter heaven, all the negativity will be annihilated first by the fire of God’s love.
The discourse of Jesus concludes with the question: “Have you understood” and with the call to the workof the scribe (vv. 51-52). The question is addressed to the disciples, to those who have found the treasure andthe pearl of great price. The kingdom of heaven they now possess has been prepared through the Old Testament (old things) and realized in Christ (the new stuff). Christians are encouraged to become aware, be well-informed, through the study of the sacred Scriptures, of the immense gift they have received from God.
READ: Those whom God predestined he called, and those whom he called he makes righteous, and to those whom he makes righteous he will give his glory.
REFLECT: God gives us a precious gift—his wisdom and knowledge—to do great things for His greater honor and glory!
PRAY: Let us be convinced that our calling and consecration are not privileges but a challenge to do our ultimate purpose in life.
ACT: St. Augustine said that who we are is God’s gift to us, what we make of ourselves is our gift to God. What kind of gift are we making of ourselves?
Fernando Armellini
Italian missionary and biblical scholar
https://sundaycommentaries.wordpress.com
A HIDDEN TREASURE
Not everyone was enthusiastic with Jesus’ project. In many of them there arose quite a few doubts and questions. Is it reasonable to follow him? Isn’t it crazy? These are the questions of those Galileans and everyone who encountered Jesus in a somewhat profound level.
Jesus told two small parables to «seduce» whoever remained indifferent. He wanted to sow in everyone a decisive question: Isn’t there in life a «secret» that we still haven’t discovered?
Everyone understood the parable of that poor farmer who, while he was digging in the ground that wasn’t his, found a hidden treasure in some jar. He didn’t think about it twice. It was the chance of a lifetime. He couldn’t not take advantage of it. He sold everyone he had and full of joy got the treasure.
A rich merchant of pearls did the same when he discovered one pearl of incalculable value. He had never seen anything like it. He sold everything he possessed and got the pearl.
Jesus’ words were seductive. Will God be like that? Will this be how we encounter God? Discover a «treasure» more beautiful and attractive, more solid and true than all that we are living and enjoying?
Jesus is communicating his experience of God: what has completely transformed his life. Will he be right? Is this what it means to follow him? Encounter what’s essential, have the immense fortune to find what the human being is yearning for from forever?
Among us, many people are abandoning religion without having tasted God. I understand them. I would do the same. If a person hasn’t discovered a little of the experience of God that Jesus lived out, religion is boring. Isn’t worth it.
What’s sad is to encounter so many Christians whose lives aren’t marked by joy, awe or the surprise of God. They have never been there. They live closed into their religion, without having encountered any «treasure». Among Jesus’ followers, taking care of the interior life isn’t just one more thing. It’s indispensable in order to live open to the surprise of God.
José Antonio Pagola
http://www.gruposdejesus.com
Jesus Christ, the treasure to be discovered, loved and shared
Romeo Ballan mccj
There is always something exciting about the search for hidden treasure; and there is always something about a fine pearl that sets us dreaming… Hidden treasure, precious pearls (Gospel), come across by chance (gratis: by grace) – they remind us of Jesus’ words: “Where your treasure is, there your heart will be also” (Mt 6:21). The thirteenth chapter of Matthew’s Gospel gathers seven of Jesus’ parables, and today we are invited to reflect on the last three of them: the hidden treasure (v. 44), the pearl of great value (v. 45-46) and the net (v. 47-48). The parables of the treasure and the pearl carry forward the movement of the earlier parables of the sower, the mustard seed and the leaven, while the story of the net reminds us of the parable of the weeds among the wheat. All seven images are ways Jesus chose to lead his disciples into a deeper understanding of the mysterious reality of God’s Reign, the Kingdom of heaven. All seven call for a choice: the disciple has to come down on one side or the other; and at the heart of this choice is Jesus himself, because he is the fullness of the Kingdom. He is the good seed, the Word the Father sows in the field of the world, which can transform that world from within, with all the hidden power of the mustard seed and the pinch of leaven. He is the hidden treasure and the precious pearl to be sought and preferred above all other things, making room for him and him only, so as to avoid the danger of being thrown away like weeds and bad fish (v. 48).
Of course, when Jesus speaks of treasure and pearls, he connects with the traditions of many peoples throughout the world, and with their legends about the passionate search for such riches. Even if we think only of the Gospel and the Christian tradition, we find that the Kingdom of heaven is a multi-layered reality: for Jesus the Kingdom is above all God himself, loved, enjoyed and proclaimed; the Kingdom is the beauty of divine grace, conforming us to the image of the Son (2nd reading); it is the Good News to be brought to the peoples who do not yet know Christ; it is loving faithfulness to family; it is vocation to the consecrated life; it is any plan to do some good; it is the wisdom of heart that Solomon begs and receives from God, a gift more important than long life, wealth or victory over enemies (1st reading)… For this highest of values, for Jesus Christ, the martyrs gave their lives, missionaries left their families and homes, Christians gave up very many things. And all this with joy and determination! (v. 44).
In a word, we can say that the treasure is Christ, gift totally free; the fullness of the Kingdom is Jesus Christ himself, known, loved and proclaimed. Pope Paul VI expressed this in burning words when he delivered his missionary homily before two million people at Manila’s Quezon Circle on November 29, 1970: “‘Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel!’ (1Cor. 9,16)… Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God… He is the Teacher of mankind, and its Redeemer. He is the centre of history and of the world; he is the one who knows us and who loves us; he is the companion and the friend of our life. He is the man of sorrows and of hope… I could never finish speaking about him: he is the light and the truth; indeed, he is ‘the way, the truth and the life’ (Jn 14:6). He is the bread and the spring of living water to satisfy our hunger and our thirst. He is our shepherd, our guide, our model, our comfort, our brother… To everyone I proclaim him: Jesus Christ is the beginning and the end, the Alpha and the Omega; he is the king of the new world; he is the secret of history; he is the key to our destiny. He is the mediator, the bridge, between heaven and earth. He is the Son of Man, because he is the Son of God, eternal and infinite. He is the son of Mary… Remember this: Jesus Christ is our constant preaching; it is his name that we proclaim to the ends of the earth and throughout all ages” (cf. Liturgy of the Hours, II reading, Sunday XIII O.T.). Today too, Jesus Christ is the first message of missionary proclamation, because the greater part of the human family does not yet know him. Many more are needed to be his witnesses and to proclaim his name!
